Study Shows Heat Waves Moving Slower and Lasting Longer Due to Climate Change
Last summer, heat waves swept across large parts of the planet, lingering for days or even weeks at a time. A new study published in the journal Science Advances reveals that as climate change warms the planet, heat waves are moving sluggishly and lasting longer.
The study, conducted by climate scientist Wei Zhang and his colleagues at Utah State University, analyzed temperatures from 1979 to 2020. They found that each decade, the rate at which heat waves travel slowed by about 5 miles per day, pushed along by air circulation. Additionally, heat waves now last about four days longer on average.
Dr. Zhang emphasized the strong impacts of these prolonged heat waves on public health. The longer people are exposed to life-threatening temperatures, the greater the risk to their health. Furthermore, the slowdown of workers during extreme heat can also affect economic productivity. Heat waves can dry out soil and vegetation, leading to crop damage and an increased risk of wildfires.
The study also found that heat waves have become more frequent, lasting longer, and covering a greater area. Dr. Zhang attributes these changes to human-caused climate change and natural climate variability.
Rachel White, an atmospheric scientist at the University of British Columbia, praised the study for providing valuable insights into how heat waves are evolving. She noted that while we know climate change is intensifying heat waves, this research helps us understand more about how these changes are occurring.
The researchers observed regional differences in heat wave behavior, with longer-lasting heat waves particularly in Eurasia and North America, and heat waves traveling farther in South America.
Despite the exact reasons for the slowdown in heat waves, the harmful effects remain a concern. Dr. Zhang highlighted the importance of local adaptation efforts, such as planting more trees and grasses in urban areas and creating cooling centers for vulnerable populations.
As international leaders work to address climate change, Dr. Zhang emphasized the need for communities to take action to protect their residents from the impacts of prolonged heat waves.
