A groundbreaking study released by a leading cancer research organization has shed light on the elevated prevalence of certain risk factors linked to cancer among LGBTQ+ individuals. The American Cancer Society’s 2024 Cancer Facts and Figures report highlights the unique challenges faced by the LGBTQ+ community, including “minority stress” factors such as smoking, excess body weight, HIV, and access to gender transition surgical procedures that increase their vulnerability to developing cancer.
One of the most concerning findings of the report is the “presumption-of-care gap,” which refers to the fear that healthcare providers may refuse care based on gender identity or sexual orientation. This discrimination extends to health care settings, with LGBTQ+ individuals experiencing harassment, discrimination, and discomfort from providers. These stressors can lead to increased prevalence of mental health or substance use disorders and unhealthy behaviors that further increase cancer risk.
Lesbians and bisexual women who are overweight are at a greater risk for 12 different types of cancer, including uterine, pancreatic, and breast cancer. Gay men are also more likely to receive preventative screenings for colorectal cancer compared to straight men. The report emphasizes that while everyone is at risk of developing cancer, certain behaviors such as smoking, excess body weight, alcohol consumption, and unhealthy diet greatly increase the risk.
The study comes at a time when medical groups are advocating for more inclusive care for the LGBTQ+ community, including widespread access to gender-transitioning treatments. The American Psychological Association and the American Medical Association have both taken steps to improve access to gender-affirming care, citing improved health outcomes for the transgender population.
As the conversation around LGBTQ+ health disparities continues to evolve, it is crucial for healthcare providers and policymakers to address the unique needs of this community to ensure equitable access to care and reduce the burden of cancer among LGBTQ+ individuals.
